Researchers at UNIST, a science and technology university based in Ulsan, Korea, have long been interested in the technology of artificial skins. Although previous studies have introduced an assortment of electronic skin (e-skin) elements, none of them were able to detect both pressure and heat with a high degree of sensitivity.

Together with the Taiwanese Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), German-based Heraeus has developed a stable process for the mass production of its Clevios-coated films. These films are currently mainly used in touch panels and touch sensors of different electronic devices.